How many times Rani Durgavati defeated her enemy ?

 Hello friends, how are you all, I hope everyone is having fun and being healthy. Today in our Gaurav Sangrah blog we are going to talk about another women freedom fighter of Indian History, Rani Durgavati:

• who ruled as Rajmata in Garhmandal.
• against which Akbar's army also had to give up three times.
• who chose to die by his own hands rather than die by the hands of the Mughals.

So let us know something about the Rani Durgavati.

Rani Durgavati

Who was Rani Durgavati ?

Rani Durgavati was born on 5 October 1524 in the palace of Rajput king Kirtivarman of Chandel (Banda, UP, India). As she was born on the day of Durgastami, she was named Durgavati. From her childhood, she was beautiful in appearance as if a nymph had descended to earth from heaven. Being the only child of Kirtivarman, Durgavati was brought up like a princess.

King Kirtivarman taught all the business of the kingdom to the princess. He arranged teachers to learn horse riding, swordsmanship, archery, etc. Durgavati used to stay with her father and helped him in the affairs of the palace. She was very agile and brave and could easily hunt wild animals. Back then, Durgavati had hunted tigers and leopards a lot.

How did Rani Durgavati got married?

When Durgavati got married, father Kirtivarman was looking for a suitable groom for Durgavati. She saw many princes but did not like any of them. Durgavati had heard the feats of Sangram Shah's son Dalpat Shah so Dalpat settled in Durgavati's heart. Thus Durgavati told her father Kirtivarman to marry Dalpat Shah.

But since Dalpat Shah's caste was different, Kirtivarman refused to marry Durgavati and Dalpat Shah. When Sangram Shah came to know about this, he invaded Chandel and Kirtivarman was defeated in that invasion. Kirtivarman then married Durgavati to Dalpat Shah, son of King Sangram Shah of Garhmandal.

When did Queen Durgavati rule Garhmandal?

The married life of Durgavati and Dalpat Shah was going on happily. Now Dalpat Shah was given the throne of Garhmandal and Durgavati became the queen. Rani Durgavati had been married for four years and had a three-year-old son. Her son was named Veernarayan Singh.

One day in the world of smiling Queen Durgavati, Dalpat Shah suddenly died due to some reason. Suddenly there was an atmosphere of mourning in the palace. Queen Durgavati declared her three-year-old son Veernarayan Singh as the king of Garhmandal because the thrown could no longer be kept vacant and she herself was ruling Garhmandal as the queen mother.

For what purpose did Rani Durgavati shifted the capital of the town ?

Queen Durgavati made many improvements in the town after taking over the rule of Garhmandal. Earlier, she shifted the capital from Singurgarh to Chauragarh for the protection of Godwana. This was done because Chauragarh was on the hills and the place seemed safe due to which the enemy cannot attack the capital immediately.

Digging well

Queen Durgavati dug many wells in the town for the convenience of the townspeople. Many dharamshalas, temples, monasteries were also built in the town. Chori Lake was built by Queen Durgavati after her trusted maid Chori. Similarly Aadhar Lake was also constructed after the name of her trusted General Aadhar Singh.

What was the purpose of Mughal invasion of Rani Durgavati's kingdom?

The rulers around Garhmandal had already surrendered to the Mughals. But Queen Durgavati saved Garhmandal from the Mughals. Seeing Garhmandal as beautiful and rich, the surrounding Mughal rulers were trying to take possession of Garhmandal. 

They also tried invading Garhmandal. But neighboring Mughal rulers were losing against Queen Durgavati. Baz Bahadur also invaded Garhmandal several times. But he was defeated by the cunning queen Durgavati.

How many times Rani Durgavati defeated her enemy ?

The news of Queen Durgavati's bravery reached the ears of many rulers. Similarly, Asaf Khan also comes to know that Garhmandal is a very rich town and its queen is very brave. Asaf Khan informed about Garhmandal through his trusted man. Asaf Khan then came to know that Durgavati, the Queen of Garhmandal, was widow and was ruling as Queen Mother.

Asaf Khan considered women to be weak. Also believed that how much a widow queen will fight. He was lacking in intention and was also fond of women. So Asaf Khan was thinking of taking Garhmandal under his control. Asaf Khan took permission from Akbar to invade Garhmandal. He wrote a letter to Rani Durgavati saying that if she don't hand over the Sarman elephant and the commander to him, he will attack Garhmandal.

Rani Durgavati rejected Asaf Khan's words and started preparing for battle. Asaf Khan, considering Queen Durgavati to be weak, invaded Garhmandal. But Queen Durgavati chased Asaf Khan away from the battlefield. In this way Rani Durgavati defeated Asaf Khan thrice in battle.

How did Rani Durgavati faced her enemie's huge army ?

Seeing Garhmandal prosperous, Asaf Khan's mind was fixed on conquering Garhmandal. So he re-invaded Garhmandal.  At that time Asaf Khan had a large army of Akbar and Queen Durgavati had few soldiers. General Aadhar Singh also told the queen to stay away from the city.

Attacking Garhmandal

But she said that it is better to die like a brave than to perish like a coward. After this Queen Durgavati entered the battlefield dressed in war dress. At that time Queen Durgavati's son Veeranarayan Singh was also fighting. Rani Durgavati was finding it difficult to face Asaf Khan because this time he had a large army of soldiers.

Even so, Queen Durgavati was fighting bravely and her son was also facing the enemies like a storm. But Veeranarayan Singh was badly injured while fighting against the enemy. So Queen Durgavati sent her son away from the battlefield to a safe place and faced the enemies herself. Facing the enemy, suddenly arrows rained on Rani Durgavati and injured her.

One of the arrows hit Rani Durgavati in the eye but Rani Durgavati pulled the arrow out with her hand. The arrow went out of the eye but the tip of the arrow remained in the eye. Rani Durgavati was unable to fight due to eye contact. So she ordered his trusted general Adhar Singh to cut off the head of Queen Durgavati. But Aadhar Singh did not want to kill her queen. Queen Durgavati herself took out her own sword and stabbed herself by it in the stomach and died.

Conclusion:

In this article we have seen how bravely Rani Duergavati faced the Mughals. She chose to die by his own hand instead of dying at the hands of Mughal Asaf Khan. She died on 24 June 1564 in India. She built the famous Khajuraho and Kalinjar forts during his reign. Even today, the Rani Durgavati's Museum can be found in Jabalpur. A university named after Rani Durgavati is also known in Jabalpur. The government has also issued a postage stamp in his name. There are many stories of heroic tales of Queen Durgavati.

So readers, how did you like the history of Rani Durgavati?  What did you find interesting in this article? Which paragraph is your favorite in this one? If you like to say something feel free to tell in comment section. Thank you very much for reading this article till the end.

If you liked reading the article do share it with your friends and family.

We will come back very soon in another article with another such women freedom fighter of Indian History in our Gaurav Sangrah blog till then take care.

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What did Rani Abbakka Chowta refuse to the Portuguese ?

Hello readers, how are you all ? I hope everyone is having fun and being healthy. Welcome to our Gaurav Sangrah blog. From the Indian History, today we are going to talk about a women freedom fighter, "Rani Abbakka Chowta"

• who faced the Portuguese in the 16th century.
• who regained her lost forts in just one night.
• She was also known as Independent woman soldier of India.

So let us begin the story Rani Abbakka Chowta.

Rani Abbakka Chowta

Who was Rani Abbakka Chowta ?

The Chowta dynasty ruled in the town of Ullal (known as Ullal Nagar) in the coastal region of Karnataka. Queen Abbakka Chowta was born into that Chowta dynasty. As she was born in a royal family, she had the full rites of a princess. She was proficient in swordsmanship, archery, horse riding, etc. Since Rani Abbakka was a Chowta princess, she was also educated to hold the throne.

In the state of Karnataka she was compared to Rani Lakshmibai, Kittur Chennamma, Chennabhairadevi and Keladi Chennamma of Jhansi. Her maternal uncle Tirumala Raya married her to Banga Raja Lakshmappa of Mangalore. But as her husband was not behaving well, she returned back to her Ullal town.

Who was more dominant in the Chowta dynasty?

At that time in Chowta dynasty, the position of girls was considered high. Suppose that if a child is born in the family, there is not much happiness at the birth of a boy as it is at the time of the birth of a girl. Women and girls were given a lot of respect. At that time girls were given land and property.

The Chowta dynasty also came back to follow the maternal tradition. So Tirumala Raya, the maternal uncle of Rani Abbakka Chowta, also handed over the Rajpat to Rani Abbakka Chowta with traditional tiaras and continued his tradition from generation to generation.

With what intention did the Portuguese come to Ullal Nagar?

Portuguese were also known as Portugalio. In Portuguese, Vasco da Gama first came to India by sea. Vasco da Gama found his way to India. Finding the road, the Portuguese set foot in India. At first, the Portuguese came to get the delicious spices from India.

Slowly then they came to India under the guise of Indian spices and started to take possession of the Indian coastal ports. The Portuguese took possession of Goa in this way. In the same way, the Portuguese came to the port of Ullal town in Karnataka through the sea route and they also wanted to capture Ullal Nagar.

What did Rani Abbakka Chowta deny to the Portuguese?

As Portuguese captured Goa, they also conquered Mangalore and now they reached Ullal, Kanatark with the intention of capturing the city. The Portuguese used to come to Ullal port and try to buy spices, cloth, etc. from the merchants at cheap prices. But Queen Abbakka Chowta refused to give any goods to the Portuguese at a cheap price.

Portuguese visiting India

Now from the town of Ullal the Portuguese were driven out by Rani Abbakka Chowta. She also helped the Zamorin of Calicut and the Sultan of Bijampur to repel the Portuguese, so the Portuguese took their revenge by looting the fort of Mangalore and then General Piczoto also invaded Ullal Nagar and defeated Rani Abbakka Chowta.

What did Rani Abbakka Chowta do while staying in a mosque?

Defeated by the Portuguese, Queen Abbakka Chowta took refuge in a mosque. She was very skilled in politics and strategy. She was so clever that she formed a group of 200 soldiers with the help of his loyal men while staying in the mosque and suddenly invaded the city of Ullal overnight and regained his lost dominion in one night.

Regaining Fort

Then Rani Abbakka Chowta with the help of the Kaladi prince Venkatesampa killed General Piczoto and drove the Portuguese away. She not only regained her town of Ullal but also conquered the fort of Mangalore.

Who betrayed Rani Abbakka Chowta?

Unhappy with her husband's behavior, Rani Abbakka Chowta left her husband's house. Hence the enmity between both queen Abbakka Chowta and her husband Lakshmappa increased. The Portuguese took advantage of the rivalry between husband and wife.

Lakshmappa was tricked into giving information about the queen and Lakshmappa was also against his wife. So he revealed all the captive secrets of Abbakka to the Portuguese. Now the Portuguese had a lot information about the queen.

So the Portuguese invade the capital of Queen Abbakka and defeat her. Eventually she was defeated by the Portuguese due to the rebellion of her husband. Then she got arrested and was sent to jail.

Conclusion:

In this article we get to know how brave Queen Abbakka Chowta was. She protected the town of Ullal from the Portuguese for four decades. She used fire arrows in which dry coconut peels were burnt and inserted into the arrow and then fired at the enemies.

She was one of the first Indian women to fight against colonialism. Despite being imprisoned by the Portuguese, she continued to fight against the Portuguese for independence and eventually died in prison while fighting. Despite being a Jain herself, she considered all the religions of her town, Hindus and Muslims as equal.

Rani Abbakka Chowta is also called fearless queen because of her bravery and bravery. Even today, a book named after Rani Abbakka Chowta is given to promote women in Karnataka. Petrol pumps have been opened on her name.

The government has also released a postage stamp of Rani Abbakka Chowta. A statue of  her has also been erected in Ullal Nagar. Fearless, powerful, genius are some of the words we use to describe her.

So, readers, how did you like the history of Rani Abbakka Chowta? What did you learn from this article? Which is your favorite paragraph in this article? If you wish to add something in the article then you can tell in the comment section below.

Thank you very much for reading this article till the end.

If you enjoyed reading this article, do share it with your family, friends and colleagues.

We will come back very soon in another article with such women freedom fighter of Indian History, till then take care and keep on reading Gaurav Sangrah.

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Why Prithviraj Chauhan accept death from hands of a friend?

Hello readers, how are you all? I hope you people are fine and healthy. Today in this article, we are going to see about Prithviraj Chauhan one among Ancient Indian Kings:

• who defeated Mohammad Ghori 16 times,
• who have choosen to die at the hands of his friend,
• after his death only, the Mughals set foot in India.

So let us begin the article about such a great king.

Prithviraj Chauhan

Who was Prithviraj Chauhan ?

Historians say that Prithviraj Chauhan was born in the 12th century on the 12th day of the sixth month. But many also say that he was born in 1168 according to the planetary constellation. Prithviraj Chauhan was born in Ajmer whose was father Someshwar and mother Karpuri Devi. Prithviraj Chauhan studied in Gurukul since his childhood. He was very proficient in subjects like weaponry, politics and literature. Prithviraj also knew instinctive archery in which he can shoot arrows without using his eye sight and just by listening the voice. Chauhan could aim by shooting an arrow in the direction of the sound, Just like in Ramayana King Dasharatha shot an arrow at Shravan.

Prithviraj Chauhan was considered the most valiant king of Delhi and Ajmer. Sudden death of Prithviraj's father Someshwar in the battlefield, the responsibility of the state fell on Prithviraj. Prithviraj was only 13 years old when he ascended the throne. At the age of 13, Prithviraj Chauhan took charge of Delhi and Ajmer with ease. Prithviraj extended his empire to Sambhar (lake in Rajasthan), Gujarat and Eastern Punjab in Rajasthan. Many kings were jealous of Prithviraj Chauhan after hearing stories of his bravery

How did Sanyogita garland Prithviraj Chauhan?

Samrat Prithviraj Chauhan and Jayachandra's daughter Sanyogita loved each other. But Sanyogita's father Jayachandra Prithviraj was against the marriage of Sanyogita. So Jayachandra formed Swayamvara of Samyukta and many princes were called in Swayamvara. But Jayachandra did not invite Prithviraj in Swayamvar and to insult him, placed an effigy of Prithviraj in place of the gatekeeper.

Sanyogita also passed by the princes in search of her lover and garlanded the statue of Prithviraj placed near the gatekeeper. When Prithviraj came to know about this bond, he brought Sanyukta from Jayachandra's court and married her.

How did Prithviraj defeat Muhammad Ghori 16 times in battle?

Mohammad Ghori, the ruler of Ghori, wanted to conquer India as well. So the invader had reached the border of India. Now Ghori has to face Prithviraj Chauhan. But facing Prithviraj Chauhan was not as easy as he thought, because Prithviraj Chauhan had three lakh soldiers, three elephants and a huge amount of horse gold. Even so, seeing the opportunity, Mohammad Ghori kept Prithviraj busy at a place called Tarain and Prithviraj defeated Mohammad Ghori.

Imprisoned

Mohammad Ghori invaded again and again Ghori was defeated in this battle. When Prithviraj Chauhan imprisoned Mohammad Ghori, Ghori began to cry and fell on his knees to Prithviraj and begged for forgiveness. Prithviraj took pity on Ghori and forgave him. and left. In this way Ghori invaded Delhi 16 times and Ghori was humiliatingly defeated every time. Mohammad Ghori attacked Prithviraj suddenly at night with the help of his friend Jayachandra for the 17th time. Due to sudden invasion Prithviraj was not prepared for war so Prithviraj Chauhan was defeated in the battle.

How did blind Chauhan managed to shot an arrow on Mohammad Ghori ?

Prithviraj Chauhan lost the battle due to Mohammad Ghori's sudden night attack. After losing the war, Ghori took Prithviraj to Afghanistan as a prisoner. Mohammad Ghori blinded Prithviraj after taking him to Afghanistan. Knowing about this, Prithviraj's court poet Chandbardayu, who was also Prithviraj's friend, went to meet Prithviraj in prison. The two friends planned to kill Mohammad Ghori.

Shooting Arrow

Chandbardayu praised Prithviraj in his poem for archery in Ghori's court. Hearing that, Ghori agreed to test Prithviraj's skill in archery in the court. Prithviraj was brought in the court in front of Ghori.

There Chanbardayu speaks in poetry

   Four bamboos twenty-four yards, Angul Ashta

   Above Parman/ta is Sultan, not Chuk Chauhan

This means:

  Ten paces ahead, twenty paces to the right sits the Sultan

  Now don't miss this opportunity, run Chauhan, your child.

And Ghori orders Prithviraj to shoot arrows. Prithviraj shoots an arrow in the direction of Ghori's voice and Mohammad Ghori is killed by the arrow.

Why did Prithviraj Chauhan accepted death from the hands of a friend ?

Prithviraj Chauhan and Chandbardayu killed Mohammad Ghori as planned. Prithviraj did not like to die at the hands of the enemy in the killing of Mohammad Ghori. So Prithviraj along with Chandbaradayu had already planned to kill each other. As per the plan, Prithviraj Chauhan and Chandbardayu killed each other by stabbing each other with hidden daggers.

Why was Prithviraj Chauhan the last Hindu emperor of Delhi ?

Prithviraj Chauhan was the last independent Hindu emperor to rule Delhi. No enemy could enter Delhi during his lifetime. But Mohammad Ghori attacked against the rules and defeated Prithviraj Chauhan by trapping him. So Prithviraj Chauhan was defeated. Otherwise, no one had the strength to defeat Prithviraj Chauhan. It was only after his death that the Mughals got a chance to gain a foothold in India. In 1192 Prithviraj Chauhan died in Tarasti state of Afghanistan.

Conclusion:

In this article we found out how Prithviraj Chauhan kills the enemy with Shabdbhedi arrow (arrow shot blindly in the direction of voice)? How do Prithviraj and Chandbaradayu influence each other in their friendship? In this article, we have seen that how a father fetches his beloved from Jayachandra. If I have forgotten anything in this article, you can let me know in the comment section.

Thank you very much for reading the article till end.

If you enjoyed reading this article, do share it with your friends and family members.

We will see you again soon in a new article with Ancient India Kings from Indian History. Until then my regards.

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How Rani Naiki Devi defeat Mohammad Ghori?

 Hello friends, welcome to our fourth article. Today we are going to talk about a women freedom fighter of our Indian History, today we going to talk about Rani Naiki Devi:

• who was one of  India's woman warrior,
• who had thrown away her enemy from the battle field in such a way that he never returned back,
• who also have entered the battlefield with her young son tied behind her back.

So let us understand the history of  Great Naiki Devi.

Rani Naiki Devi

Who was Rani Naiki Devi ?

Nothing much is known about Nayaki Devi's birth years, but the heroine was the daughter of Mahamandaleshwar Parmadi of Kandab state (now Goa). From childhood Naiki Devi was proficient in swordsmanship, horse riding, military tactics. As Naiki Devi was the princess of Kandab kingdom, she stayed with her father and took interest in the affairs of the kingdom. Her father made her married to King Ajay Pal of the Chalukya Solanki ruler of Anhilwad Patan.

What trouble befell Naiki Devi that forced her to take over the throne?

Naiki Devi had been married for four years and had a son. Naiki Devi's married life was going on joyfully, seeing Anhilwad Patan happy and prosperous, the surrounding kings were jealous of Ajaypal. So the surrounding kings took Ajaypal's bodyguards to their control and got Ajaypal killed by his own bodyguards.

Now there is no king on the throne. So Ajaypal's son Mulraja was installed on the throne. But Mulraj was not big enough to handle the throne. So Naiki Devi handed over the throne to Mulraj and began to rule as the Queen Mother herself.

Why did Mohammad Ghori find it easy to invade Gujarat?

Alexander, Mohammad Ghazni etc. could only reach the borders of Hindustan. But Mohammad Ghori was trying to expand his borders by conquering Afghanistan and entering India via Pakistan. There he came to know that a widow queen was ruling in Anhilwad Patan in Gujarat. So Mohammad Ghori came with his huge army and encamped at Kayadra near Mount Abu.

Army coming near Mount Abu

Mohammad Ghori mistaking Naiki Devi as weak and sent a message through his messenger that she should walk in front of him and surrender to Mohammad Ghori and hand over her property to him. If this is not done, Mohammad Ghori will invade Patan, oppress the womens of the state and plunder the state. After hearing the message, Naiki Devi accepted the proposal of Mohammad Ghori by thinking of a trick and using cunning.

Naiki Devi had also started her preparation cautiously. She kept his soldiers hidden at some distance in the valleys of Abu. Naiki Devi asked her spies to join Mohammad Ghori's army so that all the news of Mohammad Ghori's will reach to Naiki Devi.

Why did Naiki Devi seek help from the feudal rulers?

Mohammad Ghori was preparing to invade Patan, India. So Naiki Devi sought help from the surrounding feudal rulers. The rulers were: 

1. Dharvarsha: the ruler of Arbuda Parmara,
2. Kirtipal: the ruler of Jalore Chah,
3. Rulers like Kalahandeva,
4. Ruler of Nadul Chahama.

They helped the heroine.

Naiki Devi had sent the ruler of Nadul, Kelhandev Chohan, there to keep the women and children safe.

How Rani Naiki Devi defeat Mohammad Ghori?

In 1175, Naiki Devi found out through intelligence that Mohammad Ghori was using Manjanic Weapons in the war. An Manjanic weapon was an incendiary weapon that was dropped into enemy territory. Mohammad Ghori was surprised to suddenly see the heroine in a war dress. A battle took place between Naiki Devi and Mohammad Ghori at Kayadra at the foot of Mount Abu.

Manjanic Weapon

Nayaki Devi was so aggressive that even the huge army of Mohammad Ghori was of no avail against Nayaki Devi. The soldiers hiding from place to place were ready to fight with the sound of Har Har Mahadev. Mohammad Ghori was so badly defeated by Naiki Devi that he did not even look back on the battlefield.

Conclusion:

In this article, we have seen how bravely the heroine was, despite being a widow, she faced the monster like man, robber Mohammad Ghori. After Mohammad Ghori's defeat in the battle with Naiki Devi, Mohammad Ghori tried to enter Gujarat many years later after which he was finally defeated by Raja Bhimdev II of Solanki Dynasty.

Same Mohammad Ghori who also cheated and defeated Prithvi Raj Chohan. So readers, what is your opinion about our women freedom fighter Naiki Devi's biographical? What did you really learn from this article? Which is your favorite paragraph in this? If you wish to say something about this article, you can tell in the comment section below.

Thank you very much for reading this article till the end.

If you enjoyed reading this article, do share it with your family, friends and colleagues.

We will come back very soon in another article with such interesting information of Indian History, till then take care.

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Why did the Great King Ashoka invaded Kalinga ?

Hello dear readers, welcome in the third article of Gaurav Sangrah. Today in this article, we are going to talk about the Great King Ashoka

• who abdicated the throne and embraced Buddhism.
• who did such works for the welfare of people that people remember him even today.
• who had a change of heart after the battle of Kalinga.
• also known as last major emperor of Mauryan dynasty.

So let us begin with his story.

Great King Ashoka

Who was the Great King Ashoka ?

Emperor Ashoka is said to be the most powerful king of India. It is believed that there was no other king like Emperor Ashoka and will never be. Ashok was grandson of King Chandragupta Maurya. He was born in Paatliputra to mother Subhaprangi and father Bindushah. Ashoka grew up facing many struggles since his childhood just as his grandfather under the guidance of Acharya Chanakya.

Even father Bindushah loved Ashoka less than his other sons. But the royal astrologer Pingal Vatsh predicted that Ashoka would go on to become a very great emperor and make his name bright in the world. Ashoka earned his right by fighting with his brothers. And the people installed Ashoka on the throne.

Why did King Ashoka invaded Kalinga ?

Ashoka becomes the king of Magadha after his father's death. One day suddenly Ashoka comes to know that one of his rebel brothers has gone to Kalinga and he is hiding. So Ashoka writes to the King of Kalinga telling him that "Our enemy is hiding in your region. I am sending three soldiers with my Commander-in-Chief, so you hand over our enemy to our general".

Kalinga Invasion

But the King of Kalinga did not do that but instead killed the soldiers and cut off the head of the general and tied it to a horse and sent it to Pataliputra. Seeing this behavior of the King of Kalinga, Emperor Ashoka was very angry. So Ashoka invaded Kalinga which is also known as Invasion - Kalinga.

Why did Emperor Ashoka change after the battle of Kalinga?

The battle of Kalinga was very violent. Even Ashoka, when he invaded Kalinga, did not think that the outcome of the war would be so dire. Even women and children were not spared in the terrible war of Kalinga. Bloody corpses were visible everywhere on the battlefield.

Seeing all this, Ashoka felt very sad and after that he adopted the path of non-violence.

Why was Emperor Ashoka given the name "chand (ચંડ)  Ashoka" or "Krur Ashoka" ?

Destruction

When Ashoka invaded Kalinga,

• many soldiers died in the battle,
• 1,50,000 soldiers died in the war.
• 1,00,000 civilians were killed.
• 1,50,000 people were forced to migrate to other places for farming, business, etc.
• About 5 lakh people lost their lives in the war.

due to this reason Ashoka was called as "chand (ચંડ ) Ashoka" or "Cruel Ashoka".

How Ashoka propagated Dhamma Vijaya (Religion):

After the battle of Kalinga many people were killed and the loss was also huge. So Ashoka's mind starts to change. He started to think of 'Dhamma Vijaya' instead of 'Ghons Vijaya'. Ghons Vijay means to expand the extent of one's kingdom by conquering different territories. And Dhamm Vijaya means propagating the Dharma.

Ashoka did not want to conquer territories after the battle of Kalinga. Ashoka now wanted to promote culture. So he used to go to other countries to preach religion and give information about religion to people. He also sent his son Mahendra and daughter Sandhamitra to propagate Buddhism in Sri Lanka.

Ashoka also built four caves on Barabar hill for the Buddhist monks in which the monks could sit comfortably and do penance without any fear.

Names of these caves are:

1. Chopper
2. Debt
3. World hut and
4. Sudama

Why did Emperor Ashoka adopted Buddhism?

After the battle of Kalinga there was a change in Ashoka. Emperor Ashoka turned from violence to the path of non-violence. In order to atone for the violence he had done in the battle of Kalinga, Ashoka considered adopting Buddhism. And if we go to see, already in Ashoka's family Vigatashoka who was Ashoka's close brother had become a Buddhist monk.

So Ashoka also took initiation from the Buddhist monk Upagupta and embraced Buddhism. After his conversion to Buddhism, Ashoka had many works for the people. At first, Ashoka organized a Buddhist assembly in his capital Pataliputra.

What changes did Emperor Ashoka make in the country?

Ashoka enforced a uniform law throughout the Magadha Empire. All over India Ashoka installed 14 inscriptions and 19 pillar inscriptions on which Ashoka talks about region, country and hypocrisy. Ashoka knows that in his country there are people who speak different languages.

So Ashoka wrote the inscriptions in four languages:

1. Brahmi
2. Kharorist
3. Ermike
4. Greek

Respecting all sadhu saints be they of any religion. Ashoka did many things for the benefit of the people like stopping animal cruelty.

Emperor Ashoka implemented Saptaga Siddhanta in his kingdom.

Saptanga Siddhanta means the main seven limbs of the state.

1. Raja - Raja means that the king should be powerful and influential.
2. Amatya - Amatya means Prime Minister who must be right.
3. Janapada - Janapada means kingdom of king.
4. Durga - Durga means the place or palace where the king lives should be protected.
5. Treasury – Treasury should be full.
6. the army - In case of invasion, army is necessary.
7. Friends - Relations with neighboring countries should be good.

Conclusion:

We have seen how Emperor Ashoka avenged his insult with the King of Kalinga. We also see that the outcome of war was very violent. Emperor Ashoka also propagated Buddhism abroad. I would like to conclude my article about Samrat Ashoka till here.

If I have forgotten anything in this article, you can let me know in the comment section.

Thank you very much for reading the article till end.

If you liked reading this article then do share it with your friends and colleagues.

See you back soon in a new article with more Ancient Indian Kings of Indian History, until then take care and stay connected with Gaurav Sangrah.

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Why Chandragupta Maurya stopped basic needs in Patliputra?

Greetings to all my readers! Hope so you all are healthy and happy. Exploring the great Indian History, in the series of Ancient Indian Kings, we are going to talk about a great Emperor Chandragupta Maurya:

• whose very name is enough to terrify forign armies.
• who ended the Nanda dynasty and established the Mauryan dynasty.
• The Greeks has given him the name of Sandrocottus.
• who assumed the kingship at the age of 20.

So let us begin the journey of Chandragupta Maurya from an ordinary boy to a great King.

Chandragupta Maurya

Who was Chandragupta Maurya?

Chandragupta Maurya was a disciple of Acharya Chanakya who had established Maurya Dynasty in Magadh. Maurya dynasty ruled most of the states in India for about 137 years. The credit goes to Chandragupta Maurya and his teacher Acharya Chanakya. Chandragupta Maurya was born in Piplivan, Nepal around 1000 BC. Not much is mentioned in the books about Chandragupta's parents, but Chandragupta was a smart, agile and intelligent child from childhood.

kids playing king's court

Once Chandragupta was playing a game of king's court with his friends in which Chandragupta became the king. As the king Chandragupta, who administers justice for the interests of the state, Guru Chanakya of Taxila stands aloof and watches the children play. Watching Chandragupta's justice, his characteristics of becoming the king which he wanted for a king of Magadha, so then he decided to take Chandragupta with him in his Taxila Vidhyalaya.

In Taxila, Guru Chanakya gives Chandragupta a thorough education in scriptures, weaponry, politics and confidential studies. His teacher Acharya Chanakya is also known as Kautilya and Vishnugupta.

How did Chandragupta become the general of Magadha?

After completing the studies from Taxila Vidhyalaya, Chanakya said to Chandragupta that he needs to get prepare to fight with current king of Magadh named Dhanananda. Before that, he needs to join the army of Dhanananda to know the business of Magadha. So that they can collect all the information about the politics of Magadha.

Chandragupta joins the army on Guru's orders and slowly starts to win the soldiers over with his agility. Chandragupta manipulatively tries to get all the information using the policy of Sham, Dam, Danda, Bhed by waiting for the correct time. He also took the soldiers under his own confidence. Chandragupta cunningly captured dhanananda's army slowly and becomes the general of Magadha.

Why Chandragupta Maurya stopped basic needs in Patliputra?

Chandragupta with his army conquered and annexed the neighboring areas of Magadha and merged them his army. Due to this he also won the trust of the people. People also consider their interest in supporting Chandragupta, because the king of Magadha, Dhanananda, used to collect taxes from the people in a very large amount, so the people were also offended by Dhanananda.

Chandragupta explains to the people of the area in front of Patliputra that they have to capture Patliputra and defeat Dhanananda.

Therefore, they should absolutely stop sending anything that is needed in Patliputra from your towns. So the soldiers of Patliputra will become weak due to lack of essentials of life and the weak soldiers will not be able to fight the war. So Dhanananda can easily be defeated.

How did Chandragupta Maurya defeat the Nanda dynasty?

King Dhanananda of the Nanda dynasty was a tyrant king. There was also a lot of cruelty done by him on the public. The people were angry with the king as Dhanananda was taking a large amount of taxes from the people. Because Dhanananda had a lot of wealth and the army was also in millions. The people also rebelled against Dhanananda and Magadha also had to be saved from a king like Dhanananda, so Chandragupta along with Acharya Chanakya directly attacked Patliputra, the capital of Magadha. But since Patliputra was the capital of Magadha, the strength of the soldiers was greater in Patliputra, so Chandragupta lost to Dhanananda. Attacking a second time also loses.

Then both Chandragupta and Chanakya thought that first they should conquer small and big area near patliputra and then invade it. So Chandragupta started conquring surrounding areas, so Patliputra is not supported and Dhanananda is defeated. After defeating Dhanananda, Chandragupta himself takes over the throne of Magadha. Chandragupta Maurya was 20 years old when he ascended the throne. Thus Chandragupta ended the Nanda dynasty and established the Mauryan Empire.

Which kingdoms did Chandragupta rule?

Chandragupta Maurya established a vast empire in India.

He ruled below kingdoms:

• Gandhara,
• From Balochisthan to Saurashtra,
• Konkan,
• Tamil Nadu,
• Kerala,

Chandragupta Maurya ruled till Mysore.

He had ruled from 324 BCE till 297 BCE.

How much army strength did Chandragupta have?

Chandragupta's Army

It is said in scriptures that Chandragupta Maurya had a huge army of 6 lakh soldiers.

His army consisted of:

• an army of 400 chariots,
• an army of 9000 elephants,
• 50,000 cavalry,
• 6,00,000 infantry troops,

And also includes different types of weapons and navy.

How did Chandragupta founded Jainism ?

In time, Chandragupta Maurya became a hermit himself, handing over the affairs of the Maurya kingdom to his son Bindusah. After adopting Jainism, He worked to propagate Jainism in South India. He then adopted the Digambar religion of the Jains.

When Chandragupta Maurya converted to Jainism, his Jain Guru was Bhadrabahu. Who took Chandragupta to Shravanabelgola. Chandragupta Maurya lived as an ascetic in an ashram at Sravanabelgolam for many years. According to the Digambar custom, Chandragupta took asceticism.

Conclusion

In this way, Chadragupta defeated Dhananand and released the people of Magadh from Dhananand's torture. He took samadhi in the last days of his life. He sat in a secret place and gave up food and water with his mind and was absorbed in trance. Here, I would to conclude my article about Chandragupta Maurya. Chandragupta Maurya Serial were also released on television.

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