How did Guru Gobind Singh establish the Khalsa Panth?

Hello to all my readers! I hope you all happy and healthy. Today in this article we are going to talk about the pride of Sikhs, Guru Gobind Singh:

• whose all family members from young to old along with him, sacrificed for the protection of religion.
• whose team of 40 Sikhs defeated 10 lakh Mughals in a battle by one of his orders.
• who have established Khalsa Panth.

Let us get some information about such a great Guru Gobind Singh in this article.

Guru Gobind Singh

Who was Guru Gobind Singh ?

Guru Govindaray, the guru of Sikhs were born in 1669 in Patna to Guru Bahadur and Gujridevi. From the time Govindaray was four years old, he was taking training like horse riding, sword fighting along with weaponary studies. They also knew languages ​​like Sanskrit, Persian, Punjabi, Arabic. Staying with his father, they used to understand the interests of the people and also expressed their thoughts.

So from the day Govindaray was made the 10th Guru of the Sikhs at the age of 9, Govindaray's name was changed to Guru Gobind Singh. They were the last Guru of the Sikhs and there was no other living Guru after them. Guru Gobind's four sons sacrificed their life for the country, their names were:

1. Ajit Singh
2. Juzar Singh
3. Zorawar Singh
4. Fateh Singh

How was Guru Gobind Singh's father martyred?

During Aurangzeb's reign in India, Guru Bahadur was the ninth Sikh Guru in Indian History. Aurangzeb was oppressing people in India a lot. He ordered the demolition of all Hindu temples through his subedars. People were forced to convert to Islam. So the Pandits of Kashmir were disturbed by Aurangzeb's atrocities. Aggrieved by Aurangzeb's atrocities, Pandits went to Guru Bahadur and complained to Aurangzeb.

Then Guru Bahadur told the Pandits that they should tell Aurangzeb that if their Guru accepts Islam then they will also accept Islam. As soon as he came to know about this, Aurangzeb called Guru Bahadur in the court and asked him to accept Islam. But when Guru Bahadur flatly refused to accept Islam, Aurangzeb mercilessly killed Guru Bahadur. Guru Bahadur sacrificed himself to free the people from Aurangzeb's torture.

How did Guru Gobind Singh establish the Khalsa Panth?

Guru Gobind called a meeting of the Sikhs in Anandpur on the day of Baisakhi. Guru Gobind called five faithful Sikhs from his assembly and gave them holy water and declared them Panjpyar. And in the Tej Sabha Guru Gobind founded the Khalsa Panth. Guru Gobind said to carry five things with the letter "K" as a symbol of Khalsa Panth.

1. Kesh (hair) - Don't cut God given hair
2. Kanga (comb) – For keeping the hair clean
3. Kirpan (a small knife or sword) - for self protection
4. Kacchera (shorts) - It should be of cotton
5. Kada (a wrist band) – should be made of metal

These five things Guru Gobind asked the Sikhs to keep with them are the identity of the Sikhs.

How was the defeat of the Mughals at Anandpur?

Guru Gobind defeated the Mughals in many battles and kept them Mughals under their control. So Aurangzebe surrounded Anandpur from all sides with the intention of capturing Guru Gobind. But Aurangzeb did not have the courage to enter Anandpur and capture Guru Gobind.

So Aurangzeb sat outside for 6 months waiting for Guru Gobind to come out if the grain and water ran out in Anandpur. When the grain and water ran out, Guru Gobind left Anandpur with his men in the dark of night, hailing Aurangzeb as he went and the burning tourches were extinguished by shooting arrows so that Aurangzeb's soldiers could not see anything in the dark and could not pursue.

  

How was Guru Gobind Singh's family separated?

Leaving Anandpur, Guru Gobind along with his group was going to cross the Shirsha river and go towards the opposite direction. But at that time there was a big flood in the river so not all people could cross the river in the dark. But there was no other option but to cross the river as Aurangzeb's army was coming from behind.

Shirsha River

So everyone thought it was safe to cross the river and started to cross the river, but the flow of water in the river was so high that most of the people got stuck in the water. When Guru Gobind crossed the river, only 40 Sikhs were left with him in the flood. As the water in the river was high, many people were trapped in the flood and that day was also the shortest day of the year. Guru Gobind's two sons and wife were also separated in the flow of this river.

How did the 40 Sikhs fall heavily on the 10 lakh Mughals in the Battle of Chamkaur?

Guru Gobind crosses the river to the hill fort at Chamkaur. After some time, as the water in the river recedes, the Mughal soldiers also cross the river and reach Chamkaur. There, Aurangzeb learns that only 40 Sikhs are with Gobind Singh, so he his 10 lakh soldiers to Chamkaur to attack Gobind Singh. When Gobind Singh and his companions learn that 10 lakh Mughals are coming to invade, Gobind Singh's companions ask them to leave with their two sons.

Battle of Chamkaur

Then Guru Govind said that not only these two are my children, but you are all my children I will not run away from the field alone and we will all face the Mughals. Encourages the Sikhs by saying "one Sikh is equal to a quarter of a lakh" and sends five Sikhs to fight with his brother Uday Singh. Uday Singh and five Sikhs kill thousands of Mughal soldiers but Uday Singh dies in the battle. Then the elder son Ajit Singh goes to fight with five Sikhs on his father's orders and they also fight so fiercely that they kill lakhs of soldiers and with five Sikhs he also got martyred.

Seeing the Sikhs fighting, the Mughals realized that there were not 40 Sikhs in the fort but millions of men. Guru Gobind's second son Jujarsihan, who was about 13 years old, also went to war after seeing his brother Ajit Singh and he too fell heavily on the Mughals and achieved heroism by killing thousands of soldiers. Finally the Mughals manage to enter the fort and when they look inside, there is no one inside from where Guru Gobind Singh has left.

How were the sons of Guru Gobind Singh martyred?

Guru Gobind's two late sons, aged about 16 and 13, were martyred in the Battle of Chamkaur and two sons aged 9 and 6 who dragged in the waters of the Shirsha river were taken captive by Aurangzeb. He asked both sons to convert to Islam but both sons refused. So both the sons were embedded alive on the stone wall. When Gobind Singh comes to know about this he says "Tera tujko arpan" which means your dedication to you.

Conclusion:

Nawab Wazir Khan sent two Pathans Jamsher Khan and Wasil Khan to kill Guru Gobind. Jamsher Khan stabbed Guru Gobind in the chest with his sword. The attack was fatal so treatment was given with European medicines but after a while the bleeding started again.

Then Guru Gobind Singh knew that the end time had come so he called the Subedars and said that from today Guru Granth Sahib will sit on the throne of this Guru and he sank into trance in 1708. And thus the bravery of this independent army of India never bowed down to the Mughals in his life.

So here I would like to conclude my article on Guru Gobind Singh. What are your views on the article of such Freedom Fighter, if you like something to add upon it feel free to comment in the comment section.

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Thank you very much for reading this article of till the end.

We will come back very soon in another article with such Freedom Fighter of Indian History, till then take care.